American Government
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American Government
The Federal government has powers to collect taxes and control commercial activities in the state. It is supposed to regulate currency depending on its value. It should print money when there is need to do so. The weights and measures are set by the Federal Government. They ensure commodities are produced at high quality standards. It is expected to organize and maintain the army and navy. It has the power to declare war should there be need but protect the country from all types of threats or risks. The Federal Government formulates a common law of naturalization and other policies on bankruptcy in all the states. It prints money and regulates the problems of counterfeiting currencies. The Government has the responsibility of facilitating development in science and arts. This refers to funding research and protecting authors from copyright violations. Punishments and sentences are formulated by the Federal Government. They make tribunals, which are at lower levels than the Supreme Court. Other powers include making laws (Hudak, 2011).
The State Government has power to issue licenses to the people. These licenses include business permits and licenses. All types of motorists’ licenses are given by the State Government too. It can also revoke any licenses if there is need to. It is the responsibility of this government to carry out general elections and establish local governments. In case of any amendments, they should be ratified through the congress. Public health and safety should be ensured by the State Government and regulate businesses within the State. State Government has a responsibility of collecting taxes to generate its revenue. Therefore, it should build roads and fund the general welfare of the state people. Sometime there is need to make private land public, it can only do this through compensation. Other powers include, establishing courts, making laws and implementing, establishing banks and corporations. In case there is shortage of revenue, it is allowed to borrow money (Smith, 2003).
There are powers denied to the State Government. It should not make any treaties with other countries. If there is need for this, there is due process to be followed before it is ratified. The State Government cannot print money. This power can only be exercised by the Federal Government. No taxes from imports and exports should be collected by the authorities under this government. This role is beyond its jurisdiction. It is only allowed to collect taxes within the state. When contracts have been made, this Government should not hinder them from being implemented. In many circumstances, the Government may find the need to suspend a citizen’s rights. This should only be done after due process is followed. Indefinite actions should not be taken. The Government is not allowed to permit slavery. It is human rights violation and protected by the thirteenth Amendment. Other denied powers are it cannot give titles of nobility, forbid citizens to vote because of race or color or gender (Smith, 2003).
The Federal Government is denied powers to stop writ of habeas corpus. This is the right of a prisoner to file being arraigned in court, mostly if he or she objects custody. The suspension of this writ should be supported by a sufficient reason. For example, there is an invasion, rebellion or protecting national security. The Constitution of USA forbids enforcement of ex post facto law. Therefore, the Federal Government cannot go above this power. This Government cannot collect taxes from exports. Only taxes and revenues generated within the state. Federal government should not offer special preferences to business entities if they will surpass other states. Vessels should not clear or pay taxes to another state by authorization of the Federal Government. The Government will be going beyond its powers. Public finances should not be withdrawn from the treasury without an authorized purpose. The Government is not allowed to misappropriate public funds. Statements and receipts must always be prepared to show accountability of the finances (Hudak, 2011).
The two types of Governments share powers. They are allowed to collect taxes only within the state. None should collect import and export taxes. It is beyond their jurisdiction. In case of decrease in revenue, they can borrow money from United States. They can charter banks and corporation (Hudak, 2011). Both have a responsibility of controlling business activities in the State. In making laws, the two Governments are involved. They also make amendments and enforce the laws. Both Governments fund general welfare of the public. For example, the Federal Government funds scientific research. There is a common responsibility in providing infrastructure. The State Government provides roads and the Federal Government establishes post office and post roads (Smith, 2003).
References:
Hudak, H. C. (2011). Federal government. Calgary, AB: Weigl.
Smith, L. L. (2003). Tapping state government information sources. Westport, Conn: Greenwood Press.
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